The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer

The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer is a global agreement to protect the Earth’s ozone layer by phasing out the chemicals that deplete it. This phase-out plan includes both the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances. The landmark agreement was signed in 1987 and entered into force in 1989.

The parties to the Protocol meet once a year to make decisions aimed at ensuring the successful implementation of the agreement. These include adjusting or amending the Protocol, which has been done six times since its creation. The most recent amendment, the Kigali Amendment, called for the phase-down of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) in 2016. These HFCs were used as replacements for a batch of ozone-depleting substances eliminated by the original Montreal Protocol. Although they do not deplete the ozone layer, they are known to be powerful greenhouse gases and, thus, contributors to climate change.

The Montreal Protocol provided a set of practical, actionable tasks that were universally agreed on. The Protocol has successfully met its objectives thus far and continues to safeguard the ozone layer today. Thanks to the collaborative effort of nations around the world, the ozone layer is well on its way to recovery.

Annex IX: Trust Fund for the Montreal Protocol: scale of 2000 and 2001 contributions

based on the United Nations scale of assessment with no Party paying more than 25 per cent

(in United States dollars)

Name of the Party 2000 United Nations scale of assessment Adjusted United Nations scales to exclude non‑contributors Adjusted United Nations scales with 25% percentage ceiling considered Contributions by Parties for the year 2000 Contributions by Parties for the year 2001
Albania 0.003 0.000 0.000 0 0
Algeria 0.086 0.000 0.000 0 0
Antigua and Barbuda 0.002 0.000 0.000 0 0
Argentina 1.103 1.103 1.076 39,611 32,345
Armenia 0.006 0.000 0.000 0 0
Australia 1.483 1.483 1.447 53,258 43,488
Austria 0.942 0.942 0.919 33,829 27,624
Azerbaijan 0.011 0.000 0.000 0 0
Bahamas 0.015 0.000 0.000 0 0
Bahrain 0.017 0.000 0.000 0 0
Bangladesh 0.010 0.000 0.000 0 0
Barbados 0.008 0.000 0.000 0 0
Belarus 0.057 0.000 0.000 0 0
Belgium 1.104 1.104 1.077 39,647 32,374
Belize 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
Benin 0.002 0.000 0.000 0 0
Bolivia 0.007 0.000 0.000 0 0
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.005 0.000 0.000 0 0
Botswana 0.010 0.000 0.000 0 0
Brazil 1.471 1.471 1.436 52,827 43,136
Brunei Darussalam 0.020 0.000 0.000 0 0
Bulgaria 0.011 0.000 0.000 0 0
Burkina Faso 0.002 0.000 0.000 0 0
Burundi 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
Cameroon 0.013 0.000 0.000 0 0
Canada 2.732 2.732 2.666 98,113 80,115
Central African Republic 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
Chad 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
Chile 0.136 0.136 0.133 4,884 3,988
China 0.995 0.995 0.971 35,733 29,178
Colombia 0.109 0.109 0.106 3,914 3,196
Comoros 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
Congo 0.003 0.000 0.000 0 0
Costa Rica 0.016 0.000 0.000 0 0
Cte d'Ivoire 0.009 0.000 0.000 0 0
Croatia 0.030 0.000 0.000 0 0
Cuba 0.024 0.000 0.000 0 0
Cyprus 0.034 0.000 0.000 0 0
Czech Republic 0.107 0.107 0.104 3,843 3,138
Democratic People's Republic of Korea 0.015 0.000 0.000 0 0
Democratic Republic of the Congo 0.007 0.000 0.000 0 0
Denmark 0.692 0.692 0.675 24,851 20,293
Djibouti 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
Dominica 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
Dominican Republic 0.015 0.000 0.000 0 0
Ecuador 0.020 0.000 0.000 0 0
Egypt 0.065 0.000 0.000 0 0
El Salvador 0.012 0.000 0.000 0 0
Estonia 0.012 0.000 0.000 0 0
Ethiopia 0.006 0.000 0.000 0 0
European Community 2.500 2.500 2.440 89,781 73,312
Fiji 0.004 0.000 0.000 0 0
Finland 0.543 0.543 0.530 19,500 15,923
France 6.545 6.545 6.388 235,047 191,930
Gabon 0.015 0.000 0.000 0 0
Gambia 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
Georgia 0.007 0.000 0.000 0 0
Germany 9.857 9.857 9.620 353,988 289,053
Ghana 0.007 0.000 0.000 0 0
Greece 0.351 0.351 0.343 12,605 10,293
Grenada 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
Guatemala 0.018 0.000 0.000 0 0
Guinea 0.003 0.000 0.000 0 0
Guyana 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
Honduras 0.003 0.000 0.000 0 0
Hungary 0.120 0.120 0.117 4,310 3,519
Iceland 0.032 0.000 0.000 0 0
India 0.299 0.299 0.292 10,738 8,768
Indonesia 0.188 0.188 0.183 6,752 5,513
Iran (Islamic Republic of) 0.161 0.161 0.157 5,782 4,721
Ireland 0.224 0.224 0.219 8,044 6,569
Israel 0.350 0.350 0.342 12,569 10,264
Italy 5.437 5.437 5.306 195,256 159,438
Jamaica 0.006 0.000 0.000 0 0
Japan 20.573 20.573 20.079 738,826 603,295
Jordan 0.006 0.000 0.000 0 0
Kazakhstan 0.048 0.000 0.000 0 0
Kenya 0.007 0.000 0.000 0 0
Kiribati 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
Kuwait 0.128 0.128 0.125 4,597 3,754
Lao People's Democratic Republic 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
Latvia 0.017 0.000 0.000 0 0
Lebanon 0.016 0.000 0.000 0 0
Lesotho 0.002 0.000 0.000 0 0
Liberia 0.002 0.000 0.000 0 0
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 0.124 0.124 0.121 4,453 3,636
Liechtenstein 0.006 0.000 0.000 0 0
Lithuania 0.015 0.000 0.000 0 0
Luxembourg 0.068 0.000 0.000 0 0
Madagascar 0.003 0.000 0.000 0 0
Malawi 0.002 0.000 0.000 0 0
Malaysia 0.183 0.183 0.179 6,572 5,366
Maldives 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
Mali 0.002 0.000 0.000 0 0
Malta 0.014 0.000 0.000 0 0
Marshall Islands 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
Mauritania 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
Mauritius 0.009 0.000 0.000 0 0
Mexico 0.995 0.995 0.971 35,733 29,178
Micronesia (Federated States of) 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
Monaco 0.004 0.000 0.000 0 0
Mongolia 0.002 0.000 0.000 0 0
Morocco 0.041 0.000 0.000 0 0
Mozambique 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
Myanmar 0.008 0.000 0.000 0 0
Namibia 0.007 0.000 0.000 0 0
Nepal 0.004 0.000 0.000 0 0
Netherlands 1.632 1.632 1.593 58,609 47,858
New Zealand 0.221 0.221 0.216 7,937 6,481
Nicaragua 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
Niger 0.002 0.000 0.000 0 0
Nigeria 0.032 0.000 0.000 0 0
Norway 0.610 0.610 0.595 21,907 17,888
Oman 0.051 0.000 0.000 0 0
Pakistan 0.059 0.000 0.000 0 0
Panama 0.013 0.000 0.000 0 0
Papua New Guinea 0.007 0.000 0.000 0 0
Paraguay 0.014 0.000 0.000 0 0
Peru 0.099 0.000 0.000 0 0
Philippines 0.081 0.000 0.000 0 0
Poland 0.196 0.196 0.191 7,039 5,748
Portugal 0.431 0.431 0.421 15,478 12,639
Qatar 0.033 0.000 0.000 0 0
Republic of Korea 1.006 1.006 0.982 36,128 29,501
Republic of Moldova 0.010 0.000 0.000 0 0
Romania 0.056 0.000 0.000 0 0
Russia Federation 1.077 1.077 1.051 38,678 31,583
Saint Kitts and Nevis 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
Saint Lucia 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
Samoa 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
Saudi Arabia 0.562 0.562 0.548 20,183 16,480
Senegal 0.006 0.000 0.000 0 0
Seychelles 0.002 0.000 0.000 0 0
Singapore 0.179 0.179 0.175 6,428 5,249
Slovakia 0.035 0.000 0.000 0 0
Slovenia 0.061 0.000 0.000 0 0
Solomon Islands 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
South Africa 0.366 0.366 0.357 13,144 10,733
Spain 2.591 2.591 2.529 93,049 75,980
Sri Lanka 0.012 0.000 0.000 0 0
Sudan 0.007 0.000 0.000 0 0
Suriname 0.004 0.000 0.000 0 0
Swaziland 0.002 0.000 0.000 0 0
Sweden 1.079 1.079 1.053 38,749 31,641
Switzerland 1.215 1.215 1.186 43,634 35,629
Syrian Arab Republic 0.064 0.000 0.000 0 0
Tajikistan 0.004 0.000 0.000 0 0
Thailand 0.170 0.170 0.166 6,105 4,985
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 0.004 0.000 0.000 0 0
Togo 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
Tonga 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
Trinidad and Tobago 0.016 0.000 0.000 0 0
Tunisia 0.028 0.000 0.000 0 0
Turkey 0.440 0.440 0.429 15,801 12,903
Turkmenistan 0.006 0.000 0.000 0 0
Tuvalu 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
Uganda 0.004 0.000 0.000 0 0
Ukraine 0.190 0.190 0.185 6,823 5,572
United Arab Emirates 0.178 0.178 0.174 6,392 5,220
United Kingdom 5.092 5.092 4.970 182,866 149,321
United Republic of Tanzania 0.003 0.000 0.000 0 0
United States of America 25.000 25.000 25.000 919,920 751,170
Uruguay 0.048 0.000 0.000 0 0
Uzbekistan 0.025 0.000 0.000 0 0
Vanuatu 0.001 0.000 0.000 0 0
Venezuela 0.160 0.160 0.156 5,746 4,692
Vietnam 0.007 0.000 0.000 0 0
Yemen 0.010 0.000 0.000 0 0
Yugoslavia 0.026 0.000 0.000 0 0
Zambia 0.002 0.000 0.000 0 0
Zimbabwe 0.009 0.000 0.000 0 0
Total 103.647 101.847 100.000 3,679,679 3,004,679