The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer

When did we realize ozone depletion was an issue, and how did we fix it? By 1985, the globe had already seen advancements in the scientific understanding of ozone depletion and its impacts on human health and the environment. It was then that the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer was created in response. This agreement is a framework convention that lays out principles agreed upon by many parties. It does not, however, require countries to take control actions to protect the ozone layer. This would come later in the form of the Montreal Protocol.

The Vienna Convention was the first convention of any kind to be signed by every country involved, taking effect in 1988 and reaching universal ratification in 2009. This speaks to the enormity of ozone depletion at the time and the willingness of countries around the world to work together to solve it. The Convention aimed to promote cooperation among nations by exchanging information on the effects of human activities on the ozone layer. In doing so, the creators of the Convention hoped policymakers would adopt measures to combat those activities responsible for ozone depletion.

Today, the Vienna Convention is still making progress.The countries involved meet once every three years to make decisions on important issues including on Research and Systematic observations as well as financial and administrative matters.

Annex I: Trust Fund for the Vienna Convention: scale of 1994, 1995, 1996 and 1997 contributions

BASED ON THE UNITED NATIONS SCALE OF.ASSESSMENTS WITH NO PARTY PAYING MORE THAN 25 PER CENT

(United States dollars)

PARTY UN SCALE OF ASSESSMENTS PERCENTAGES ADJUSTED TO EXCLUDE NON CONTRIBUTORS PERCENTAGES ADJUSTED WITH 25% CEILING CONSIDERED 1 9 9 4 CONTRIBUTIONS BY PARTIES 1 9 9 5 CONTRIBUTIONS BY PARTIES 1 9 9 6 CONTRIBUTIONS BY PARTIES 1 9 9 7 CONTRIBUTIONS BY PARTIES
Algeria 0.16% 0.16% 0.16% 477 977 1,323 508
Antigua and Barbuda 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Argentina 0.57% 0.57% 0.57% 1,698 3,482 4,715 1,811
Australia 1.51% 1.51% 1.51% 4,497 9,224 12,489 4,796
Austria 0.75% 0.75% 0.75% 2,234 4,582 6,203 2,382
Bahamas 0.02% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Bahrain 0.03% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Bangladesh 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Barbados 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Belarus 0.48% 0.48% 0.48% 1,430 2,932 3,970 1,525
Belgium 1.06% 1.06% 1.06% 3,157 6,475 8,767 3,367
Benin 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.04% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Botswana 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Brazil 1.59% 1.59% 1.59% 4,735 9,713 13,151 5,050
Brunei Darussalam 0.03% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Bulgaria 0.13% 0.13% 0.13% 387 794 1,075 413
Burkina Faso 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Cameroon 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Canada 3.11% 3.11% 3.12% 9,262 18,998 25,723 9,878
Central African Republic 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Chad 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Chile 0.08% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
China 0.77% 0.77% 0.77% 2,293 4,704 6,369 2,446
Colombia 0.13% 0.13% 0.13% 387 794 1,075 413
Costa Rica 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Cote d'Ivoire 0.02% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Croatia 0.13% 0.13% 0.13% 387 794 1,075 413
Cuba 0.09% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Cyprus 0.02% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Czech Republic 0.42% 0.42% 0.42% 1,251 2,566 3,474 1,334
Denmark 0.65% 0.65% 0.65% 1,936 3,971 5,376 2,065
Dominica 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Dominican Republic 0.02% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Ecuador 0.03% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Egypt 0.07% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
EL Salvador 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Equatorial Guinea 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Fiji 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Finland 0.57% 0.57% 0.57% 1,698 3,482 4,715 1,811
France 6.00% 6.00% 6.01% 17,869 36,652 49,627 19,058
Gambia 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Germany 8.93% 8.93% 8.95% 26,595 54,551 73,862 28,365
Ghana 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Greece 0.35% 0.35% 0.35% 1,042 2,138 2,895 1,112
Grenada 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Guatemala 0.02% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Guinea 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Guyana 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Honduras 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Hungary 0.18% 0.18% 0.18% 536 1,100 1,489 572
Iceland 0.03% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
India 0.36% 0.36% 0.36% 1,072 2,199 2,978 1,143
Indonesia 0.16% 0.16% 0.16% 477 977 1,323 508
Iran, Islamic Republic of 0.77% 0.77% 0.77% 2,293 4,704 6,369 2,446
Ireland 0.18% 0.18% 0.18% 536 1,100 1,489 572
Israel 0.23% 0.23% 0.23% 685 1,405 1,902 731
Italy 4.29% 4.29% 4.30% 12,776 26,206 35,483 13,626
Jamaica 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Japan 12.45% 12.45% 12.47% 37,079 76,053 102,976 39,545
Jordan 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Kenya 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Kiribati 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Kuwait 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 745 1,527 2,068 794
Lebanon 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 0.24% 0.24% 0.24% 715 1,466 1,985 762
Liechtenstein 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Luxembourg 0.06% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Malawi 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Malaysia 0.12% 0.12% 0.12% 357 733 993 381
Maldives 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Malta 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Marshall islands 0.01 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Mauritius 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Mexico 0.88% 0.88% 0.88% 2,621 5,376 7,279 2,795
Monaco 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Namibia 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Netherlands 1.50% 1.50% 1.50% 4,467 9,163 12,407 4,765
New Zealand 0.24% 0.24% 0.24% 715 1,466 1,985 762
Nicaragua 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Niger 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Nigeria 0.20% 0.20% 0.20% 596 1,222 1,654 635
Norway 0.55% 0.55% 0.55% 1,638 3,360 4,549 1,747
Pakistan 0.06% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Panama 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Papua New Guinea 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Paraguay 0.02% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Peru 0.06% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Philippines 0.07% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Poland 0.47% 0.47% 0.47% 1,400 2,871 3,887 1,493
Portugal 0.20% 0.20% 0.20% 596 1,222 1,654 635
Republic of Korea 0.69% 0.69% 0.69% 2,055 4,215 5,707 2,192
Romania 0.17% 0.17% 0.17% 506 1,038 1,406 540
Russian Federation 6.71% 6.71% 6.72% 19,984 40,989 55,500 21,313
Saint Kitts and Nevis 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Saint Lucia 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Samoa 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Saudi Arabia 0.96% 0.96% 0.96% 2,859 5,864 7,940 3,049
Senegal 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Seychelles 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Singapore 0.12% 0.12% 0.12% 357 733 993 381
Slovakia 0.13% 0.13% 0.13% 387 794 1,075 413
Slovenia 0.09% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Solomon Islands 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
South Africa 0.41% 0.41% 0.41% 1,221 2,505 3,391 1,302
Spain 1.98% 1.98% 1.98% 5,897 12,095 16,377 6,289
Sri Lanka 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Sudan 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Swaziland 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Sweden 1.11% 1.11% 1.11% 3,306 6,781 9,181 3,526
Switzerland 1.11% 1.11% 1.11% 3,306 6,781 9,181 3,526
Syrian Arab Republic 0.04% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Thailand 0.11% 0.11% 0.11% 328 672 910 349
Togo 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Trinidad and Tobago 0.05% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Tunisia 0.03% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Turkey 0.27% 0.27% 0.27% 804 1,649 2,233 858
Tuvalu 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Uganda 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Ukraine 1.87% 1.87% 1.87% 5,569 11,423 15,467 5,940
United Arab Emirates 0.21% 0.21% 0.21% 625 1,283 1,737 667
United Kingdom 5.02% 5.02% 5.03% 14,951 30,666 41,521 15,945
United Rep. of Tanzania 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
United States 25.00% 25.00% 25.00% 74,311 152,423 206,380 79,255
Uruguay 0.04% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Uzbekistan 0.26% 0.26% 0.26% 774 1,588 2,151 826
Venezuela 0.49% 0.49% 0.49% 1,459 2,993 4,053 1,556
Yugoslavia 0.16% 0.16% 0.16% 477 977 1,323 508
Zambia 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
Zimbabwe 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0 0 0 0
EEC 2.50% 2.50% 2.50% 7,431 15,242 20,638 7,926
TOTAL 101.41% 99.86% 100.00% 297,245 609,690 825,520 317,020